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Fritillaria

2019-07-15

Fritillaria is a perennial herbaceous plant. Its bulbs are used for medicine because of their shape. The "Herbal Jing Collection Note" says: "The shape is like a polyshellfish", so it is named Fritillaria. It can relieve cough, resolve phlegm, clear heat and dissipate. Alias: diligent mother, bitter vegetable, bitter flower, empty grass, real medicine. Produced in Qinghai, Sichuan, Yunnan, Shaanxi Qinba Mountains, Gansu and other places. Morphological characteristics of perennial herb, bulb conical, stem erect, 15-40cm high. Leaves 2-3 pairs, often opposite, few scattered or whorled at middle, lanceolate to linear, apex slightly curled or not curled, sessile. Flower solitary, campanulate, pendulous, each flower with 3 narrowly shaped leaflike bracts, apex more or less bent into a hook. Tipes 6, usually purple, less greenish yellow, with purple spots or small squares, nectary fossa conspicuously convex to the north; capsule with 6 longitudinal wings. The flowering period is from May to July and the fruiting period is from August to October. The growth habit of Fritillaria flatinus likes cold and humid environmental conditions, Fritillaria to well-drained, deep soil, loose, rich in humus sandy loam planting is good. According to the classification of varieties, it can be divided into three categories: Fritillaria, Fritillaria thunbergii and Fritillaria. Fritillaria fritillaria is a treasure among fritillaria fritillaria. its price is the highest among all kinds of fritillaria, generally about 2500-5000 yuan per kilogram. the prices of green shellfish and pine shellfish in fritillaria fritillaria are quite different and have been on the rise (according to 2012). Fritillaria thunbergii is about 30 yuan per kilogram. Tubeimu is about 10 yuan per kilogram. (According to 2008) Fritillaria fritillariae is the underground bulb of fritillaria such as black flower fritillaria, curly leaf fritillaria, Roche fritillaria, Gansu fritillaria and Suosha fritillaria perennial herbs. It is named because it is mainly produced in Sichuan, but it is produced in Tibet, Gansu, Xinjiang, North China and Northeast China. Fritillaria fritillaria fritillaria fritillaria is slightly cold and sweet and bitter in taste. it has a strong effect of relieving cough and resolving phlegm. it can moisten lung. clinically, it is often used in the treatment of hot sputum, dry sputum, lung deficiency and cough, long cough, less phlegm and dry phlegm, blood in sputum, cardiothoracic depression, lung, lung atrophy and other diseases. But is a cold phlegm, wet phlegm should be banned. There have been reports of allergies to Fritillaria, so people with allergies should use them with caution. Modern pharmacological studies have confirmed that Fritillaria contains a variety of alkaloids such as fritillaria, fritillaria, and fritillaria has a variety of pharmacological effects such as lowering blood pressure and exciting the uterus. There are several plant morphological sources of Fritillaria Cirrhosa, namely Fritillaria Cirrhosa, Fritillaria dark purple, Fritillaria gansu and Fritillaria suiosa. The leaves of Fritillaria dark purple only below 1-2 pairs are opposite, all alternate or nearly opposite, apex not curly, leaflike bracts 1. Tepals dark purple, slightly yellow-checkered, nectary fossa inconspicuous. The wings on the fruit ribs are narrow. The flowering period is June and the fruit period is August. Flavor: Fritillaria Cirrhosa bitter, sweet, slightly cold. Return to lung, heart meridians. Functional indications: this product tastes bitter, slightly cold, belongs to the lung merges, and can be used to treat phlegm-heat, cough and asthma, and yellow thick phlegm. It is also sweet, so it is good at moistening the lung and relieving cough, treating cough with dry heat and less sticky phlegm, and deficiency syndromes such as yin deficiency and dryness, cough and cough caused by mutual accumulation of phlegm and heat. In addition, Fritillaria, cuttlefish bone and licorice are powder, namely Wubei powder, which is effective in the treatment of gastric ulcer. Usage: Oral administration: 3-10g; Grind fine powder to take, 1-1.5g anti-aconitum each time. Cold and wet cough should not be used. Fritillaria thunbergii thunbergii thunbergii is a subterranean bulb of a perennial herb of the liliaceae family. Because the main production in Zhejiang and named, so referred to as zhebei. Because of its origin in Zhejiang Xiangshan, it is also known as Elephant Fritillaria, referred to as Elephant Bei. Because of its shape is larger than that of fritillaria, it is also called fritillaria, or shellfish for short. In Jiangsu, Anhui, Hunan and other places are also produced. Zhejiang shellfish taste bitter and cold, into the heart and lung meridians, functional detoxification, clinical often with yuan ginseng, oyster, dandelion, trichosanthin, forsythia, coix seed, houttuynia cordata, fresh reed root, Prunella vulgaris, seaweed, kelp, zedoary and other compatibility for the treatment of phlegm heat stagnation of lung cough and carbuncle poison swelling pain, scroat the disease; compatibility with cuttlefish bone, calcined corrugated, Baiji, Coptis chinensis, Evodia rutaecarpa, Zhuru, Pinellia ternata and other medicines can treat stomachache, acid reflux and heartburn. Modern pharmacological studies have confirmed that Fritillaria thunbergii contains a variety of alkaloids such as Fritillaria thunbergii, Fritillaria thunbergii can relieve bronchial smooth muscle spasm, reduce bronchial mucosa secretion, expand the pupil, lower blood pressure, excited the uterus and other pharmacological effects. Tuberella is the tuber of the perennial climbing plant Pseudo-Fritillaria in the family Cucurbitaceae. The main production in Hebei, Shaanxi, Shanxi and other places. Tubeimu is cool and bitter in nature. It has the functions of clearing away heat and detoxification, reducing swelling and dispersing knots, eliminating carbuncle and discharging pus. It is often used in clinic with oysters, trichosanthin, coix seed, houttuynia cordata, saponin thorn, pangolin, Prunella vulgaris, seaweed, kelp, etc. [taboo]: the above three kinds of Fritillaria commonly used amount is 6~12 grams, because of its anti Aconitum, it can not be used with Aconitum and its "brother" Tianxiong, aconite. Xinjiang Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillary Fritillaria Fritillaria Fritillaria Fritillaria Fritillaria Fritillaria Fritillaria Fritillaria Fritillaria Fritillaria Fritillaria Fri. A valuable Chinese herbal medicine with the same name as Zhebei. Among them: Ili Fritillaria. Fritillaria. Beach Fritillaria and several other varieties, collectively known as Xinjiang Fritillaria. In addition to Tanbeixi, which was born on the beach, the other three species of fritillaries were mostly born on the grasslands and under the bushes. Ibe is mainly produced in Yining. Huocheng; Fergan Fritillaria is distributed in many parts of Xinjiang. Fritillaria laurel is mainly produced in Tacheng area. Beach Fritillaria is produced in Huocheng. Chabuchar. Fritillaria as early as the Qing Dynasty, Xinjiang Fritillaria has been developed and utilized. At that time, Changji in northern Xinjiang. Qitai County is a distribution market, which is transported by camel through the northern line of the ancient Silk Road. Ma Tuo, exported to Tianjin and other ports, commonly known as "Gubei". Because the quantity is very small, the price is expensive. In the past, most of the Fritillaria in Xinjiang were wild. In order to meet the needs of domestic health care and export, the medical research department began artificial cultivation experiments in the late 1950 s and achieved success. Fritillaria will continue to steadily increase production in the future. This product is the dried bulb of Liliaceae plant Xinjiang Fritillaria FritillariawalujewiiRegel or Yili Fritillaria FritillariapallidifloraSchrenk. From May to July, dig, remove sediment, dry in the sun, and then go to fibrous roots and skins. [Identification] (1) This product powder is white, with starch grains as the main body. Xinjiang Fritillaria starch grains are single-grain broadly oval, oval or shell-shaped, with a diameter of 5-54 μm, umbilical dot-like, herringlike or short slit-like, with obvious lamellar lines; less complex grains, consisting of 2 grains. Epidermal cells are rectangular, with microwave-like curvature of the vertical wall, and cells contain fine calcium oxalate crystals. Stomatal infinitive, accessory guard cells 4~6. Thread and ring-shaped conduit diameter 9 ~ 56μm. Yili Fritillaria starch grains are single-grain broad-ovate, triangular-ovate, shell-shaped or irregular round, with a diameter of about 60 μm, and the umbilical point is punctate, herringbone or cross-shaped. The diameter of the catheter is about 50 μm. Fritillaria (2) Take 5g of this product powder, add 2ml of concentrated ammonia test solution and 20ml of chloroform, shake, place overnight, filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness, add 0.5ml of chloroform to dissolve the residue, and use it as the test solution. In addition, 5g of the control medicine of ibeimus is taken, and the control medicine solution is made by the same method. Then take the reference substance of sibeimine and add chloroform to make a solution containing 0.5mg per 1ml as the reference substance solution. According to the thin layer chromatography (Appendix VI B) test, suck 2~4 μl of each of the above three solutions, respectively point them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate prepared with 2% sodium hydroxide solution, and use the lower solution of chloroform-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (8:8:3:2) below 10 ℃ as developing agent, unfold, take out and dry, spray dilute bismuth potassium iodide test solution and sodium nitrite test solution in sequence. In the chromatogram of the test article, the same color spot is shown at the position corresponding to the chromatogram of the control medicinal material, and the same brown spot is shown at the position corresponding to the chromatogram of the control substance. [sexual taste and meridians] bitter, sweet, slightly cold. Return to lung, heart meridians. [Function and indications] Runfei, used for lung heat cough, dry cough less phlegm, yin deficiency and cough, expectoration with blood. [Usage and dosage] 3~9 grams. [Note] should not be used with aconitum herbs. [Storage] in a ventilated and dry place, moth-proof. Wuyang Fritillaria Fritillaria is a perennial herb of the lily family, which is used as medicine by bulb. Wuyang Fritillaria was identified by domestic pharmaceutical experts as a new species of Fritillaria in the lily family, and was published in the Chinese Journal of Plant Taxonomy in 1985. It is a famous local Chinese herbal medicine. Fritillaria, with white color is better, called "pearl shell". It is slightly cold in nature and sweet in taste. It mainly contains fritillin A, fritillin B and a neutral sterol component. It has the effect of moistening the lung. It is mainly used to treat exogenous cough, excessive qi and phlegm, vexation and vomiting blood, sore throat, epistaxis and breast inflammation caused by milk stasis. It can also stop bleeding and prolactin. Using Wuyang Fritillaria to make tea can cure cough, stop asthma and prolong life. Wuyang cultivation of Fritillaria earlier history, high economic value. Before the founding of the People's Republic of China, the masses harvested 1 kilogram of beco in exchange for a piece of silver. Artificial cultivation was successful in 1958 and developed to more than 30 administrative villages in 4 townships, covering an area of about 105 mu, with an annual output of more than 10 tons of Fritillaria. The market sells well and demand exceeds supply. Food practices Fritillaria pear Fritillaria pear material: 3 pears, 15 grams of Fritillaria, 3 tablespoons of black sugar. Practice: 1. After washing the pear, cut it sideways at the upper 1/4 of the pear, cover the upper part, and dig out the pear core for later use. Fritillaria 2. Mash the fritillaria into a powder, put it into 3 pears, sprinkle the black sugar on top, and cover the pear lid. 3. Put Fritillaria pears into a steamer, steam them for 1 hour and take them out. Eat pear juice and fruits together. Fritillaria stewed pig lung production method: 1. will be 250 grams of pig lung slices, add water, hand squeeze wash foam; Sydney to the skin, cut into pieces. 2. Pig lung, Sydney and fritillary bulb are put into a casserole together, add rock sugar and water, and simmer for 3 hours. Edible method: 1 times a day, with meals. Angelica Beimu Kushen Pills Prescription: Angelica 15g, Fritillaria fritillaria powder 3g (sub-chong), Sophora flavescens 15g, Radix et Rhizoma 15g, Peucedanum 12g, White front 10g, Almond 10g, Peach kernel 10g, Coix seed 30g, mulberry skin 10g. Usage and dosage: after taking the above 5 doses, cough and shortness of breath have been reduced by more than half, yellow thick phlegm and yellow greasy moss have been removed, and a total of 10 doses have been taken above. all symptoms disappear and the disease is cured. Curative effect: the syndrome is phlegm heat accumulation in the lung, airway stasis, Xuanjiangsi. Zhiyi clearing heat and promoting lung, resolving phlegm and removing blood stasis. Medicinal value of Fritillaria pictures Fritillaria is commonly used phlegm cough medicine. It is the dried bulb of the lily family Fritillaria and Fritillaria thunbergii. Fritillaria is mainly produced in Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu and other places in China; Fritillaria thunbergii is mainly produced in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui and other places in China. Fritillaria taste bitter, sweet, slightly cold; Fritillaria thunbergii taste bitter, cold. Return to lung, heart meridians. It mainly treats hot phlegm cough, exogenous cough, yin deficiency cough, phlegm less pharynx dryness, phlegm yellow thick, lung carbuncle, breast carbuncle, carbuncle sore swelling poison, scrofula and other diseases. Modern pharmacological experiments have proved that Fritillaria has antitussive, antihypertensive, elevated blood sugar and other effects. Medicated diet: fritillary fritillary fritillary root crystal sugar soup, fritillary fritillary root brewed pear. Related drugs Qiuli Ointment, Chuanbei Pipa Dew, Yangyin Qingfei Pills, Niuhuang Qingfei Powder, Tiedi Pills, Zhibao ingot, Shedan Chuanbei Capsule, Friedriniums Wet Powder. Pay attention to the contraindication of spleen and stomach deficiency cold and cold phlegm, wet phlegm. Anti-aconite. 1. "Herbal Sutra Collection Notes" 'Evil Peach Blossom. Gentiana macrophylla, alum stone, erbium. Anti-aconite. '2. "Herbal Meridian Dredging" 'Cold and dampness phlegm and phlegm fire cough, wet phlegm in the stomach nausea and vomiting, phlegm drink for cold and heat, spleen and stomach dampness phlegm for dizziness and phlegm headache, vomiting, stomach cold for discharge and disable. It is best to plant ibeimus in sandy loam soil with good drainage, deep soil layer, loose soil and rich humus. When using seeds for propagation, the seeds need to be mixed with wet sand stratification treatment and new high-fat film (can be mixed with seed coating agent) to repel underground diseases and insects, isolate virus infection, strengthen respiratory intensity and improve seed germination rate. Sprinkle the seeds evenly into the ditch, cover a thin layer of fine soil, slightly press and water to keep the soil moist. Field management After emergence, timely soil loosening and weeding, combined with top dressing, and spraying medicinal herbs root daling, so that leaf photosynthesis products (nutrition) to the root delivery, improve the conversion rate of nutrition and soil loosening ability, so that the rhizome rapid expansion, medicinal content greatly increased. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the comprehensive control of diseases and insect pests, and spray new high-fat film to enhance the control effect. Before overwintering, spread overwintering fertilizer on the border surface to ensure safe overwintering and a bumper harvest in the coming year. The main points of selection are to cultivate bulbs from early to mid-June. First, the bulbs are large, medium and small. Those with a diameter of more than 0.8cm are large bulbs, those with a diameter of 0.4-0.8cm are medium bulbs, and those with a diameter of less than 0.4cm are small bulbs. After selection, they are planted according to large, medium and small respectively. The planting method is evenly spread, with a plant spacing of 2-3cm. Each 667 square meters requires 300kg of large bulbs, 200kg of medium bulbs and 100kg of small bulbs. After sowing, the soil is covered with 3cm, and the bed surface is flattened. The middle part is slightly higher to prevent water accumulation. Bulbs are basically planted in actual production, and few seeds are sown. Planting shade crops Fritillaria usa likes cold, cool and humid environmental conditions. After Fritillaria usa matures in early June, the weather enters a high temperature period. In order to prevent direct sunlight from hitting the ground in summer, the ground temperature increases, and create favorable conditions for the differentiation and growth of new buds, shade crops are planted in time after sowing or after the old Fritillaria matures. The principle of choosing shade crops is that the shade is strong, the root system is less, the influence on the growth and development of fritillaria is small, it is not the parasite of fritillaria disease, but also can enhance soil fertility. Soybean and perilla seed crops were selected as shade crops in the producing areas. The ground temperature of 2-4 ℃ weeding Fritillaria fritillaria flat fritillaria can emerge, spraying new high-fat film, can prevent the infection of bacteria, improve the ability to resist natural disasters, improve the intensity of photosynthesis, protect the seedlings thrive. Seedling emerges earlier than weeds, weeds grow faster in the later stage, so as to avoid pulling big grass to hurt fritillaria and affect fritillaria growth. After the plant is mature and dead, it can be shoveled shallow once, subject to not hurting bulbs. Generally, fritillaria can be pulled twice during growth. In order to ensure that nutrients can meet the physiological needs of root development, one capsule of medicinal material root Daling capsule can be added to every 100kg of liquid, stirred and dissolved, and then sprayed on the leaf surface to thicken the underground nutrient transport conduit, increase the nutrient transport amount, improve the nutrient conversion rate and soil loosening ability, rapidly expand the rhizome, greatly increase the content of effective substances, and achieve the desire of increasing yield and harvesting. Disease and pest control rust, leaf back, petiole, stem base appear many brown spore group, when the disease is serious, early death of fritillaria. The control method is to strengthen field management, remove the above-ground residues in time, and spray 1000 times of liquid methyl thiophanate + new lipid film before the onset of disease. Botrytis cinerea, water-soaked spots appear on the tips of leafy green leaves, withered and died in the later period, and the control was controlled by spraying 500 times of liquid with amonium + new lipid film.

Saffron

2019-07-15

藏红花采自海拔5000米以上的高寒地区,又叫番红花或西红花,是驰名中外的“藏药”,其药效奇特,尤其以活血养血而闻名天下。然而,我国西藏并不生产藏红花。那么,何以来得藏红花之名呢?  据说,这种药材最早是在明朝传入我国,它从地中海沿岸经印度传入西藏,又从西藏转运内地的。所以,人们把由西藏运往内地的番红花,误认为西藏所产,称作“藏红花”。这在《草本纲目》中曾有记载:“藏红花即番红花,译名泊夫兰或撒法郎,产于天方国。”“天方国”即指波斯等国家。不过现在在海拔4000多米的青藏高原藏红花已经栽培成功。  藏红花有三个世界之最:一是世界上最贵的药用植物,二是世界上最高档的香料,三是世界上最好的染料,被西班牙人誉为“红色金子”。  藏红花的功效与作用  藏红花主要成分是苦藏花素(C16H26O7)。着色物质为藏花素(C44H64O26?H2O)。化学成分含番红花甙-1,2,3,4(crocin-1~4)、番红花苦甙(picrocrocin)、番红花酸二甲酯(crocetindimethylester)、α-番红花酸(a-crocetin)番红花醛(safranal)、挥发油等。其柱头含多种胡萝卜素类化合物,含量约2%,其中分离得番红花甙(crocin)-1、番红花甙-2、番红花甙-3、番红花甙-4、反式和顺式番红花二甲酯(trans-,cis-crocetindimethylester)、α-,β-胡萝卜素、α-番红花酸(α-crocetin)、玉米黄质、番茄红素、番红花苦甙(picrocrocin).另含挥发油0.4%~1.3%,油中主要含番红花醛(safranal),为番红花苦甙的分解产物,其次含桉油精、蒎烯等;此外含异鼠李素、山柰素及维生素B1和维生素B2。  其含有的藏红花酸、藏红花、藏红花素、和藏红花苦素等都具有较强的抗癌活性。特别对于血癌细胞、乳头癌、扁平细胞瘤和软组织肉瘤等都具有较强的抑制作用。  (一)藏红花的功效  传说中,藏红花是天地造化的灵物,是能治百病的神草。《本草纲目》、《四部医典》、《晶珠本草》记载:藏红花形如菊,黄兼红,气微香,入口沁人心脾,降逆顺气,开结化瘀,力雄峻,乃红花中之极品。  《本草纲目》曾记载,藏红花能“活血、主心气忧郁,又治惊悸”。现代药理研究证明它对改善心肌供血供氧等方面疗效确切,藏红花含有多种甙的成分。多种甙可明显增加大冠状动脉的血流量,故藏红花可调节血液循环、凉血解毒、养颜化瘀、抗疲劳、抗衰老。因其珍稀难求、价格极其昂贵,有“植物黄金”之美称,是藏医祛斑、美容最佳神秘药物之一。  主治:藏红花可活血化瘀、散郁开结。斑疹血热、忧思郁结、胸膈痞闷、吐血、伤寒发狂、妇女经闭、产后瘀血腹痛,跌打肿痛、通经止痛、退烧清热、解郁安神。  调经、活血、祛瘀、止痛、用于清肝热、血瘀血滞、月经不调、产后恶露不尽、跌打损伤、内外出血、肺炎、身体衰弱、培元健身,是肝病良药。  性温、味甘、微辛、微苦,性平;归心、肝经;体轻质润,入血行散。  可改善血亏体虚、月经不调、产后淤血、经闭,面部生斑,周身疼痛、忧郁闷结等症状  《本草品汇精要》记载藏红花:主心忧郁积,气闷不散,开胃进食,久服滋下元,悦颜色。  增强体质,养颜美肤,解郁安神,调神静气,调节内分泌,兼养血。  对于神经衰弱、惊悸癫狂、经闭症痕、产后寮阻、温毒发斑、优郁痞闷、惊悸发狂,内分泌失调引发的色斑等症医疗效果有超好。  (二)藏红花的作用  美容保健。  适合爱美人士。女性因为种种原因出现气血亏虚以及并发症,食用之则气血活,血气旺,精神充沛,面色红润  预防保健。  针对老年人。现代药理研究表明,小剂量的藏红花煎剂对蟾蜍心脏有抑制其收缩作用;小剂量藏红色花使血压略升而后降,较大剂量使血压持久下降。其可明显预防和治疗脑血栓,脉管炎、心肌梗塞、神经衰弱等老年人易出现的种种症状  增强体质、调节内分泌。  适用各种人群。可促进巨噬功能,消除体内“垃圾”,增强细胞免疫力,提高人体抵抗力;能及时促进人体血液循环的血氧供给,让人保持思维敏捷、心态平和,自信满满;可及时调节内分泌,消除因失调引发的色斑,排毒养颜。  中医上,藏红花多用于泡茶,可以活血化淤、排毒养颜。相传武则天常把藏红花当茶饮用,以达到美肤养颜的效果。  降低胆固醇。  藏红花还可降低胆固醇,促进脂肪代谢,经常服用藏红花还能够起到减肥瘦身的效果。但是一次食用藏红花不宜过多,大概1~3克的量就可以达到效果了。  改善心肌供血供氧。  《本草纲目》曾记载,藏红花能“活血、主心气忧郁,又治惊悸”。现代药理研究证明它对改善心肌供血供氧等方面疗效确切,藏红花含有多种甙的成分。多种甙可明显增加大冠状动脉的血流量,故藏红花可调节血液循环、凉血解毒、养颜化瘀、抗疲劳、抗衰老。因其珍稀难求、价格极其昂贵,有“植物黄金”之美称,是藏医祛斑、美容最佳神秘药物之一。  食品调味。  《圣经.雅歌》第4章第14节中提到一些香草时包括番红花。带有强烈的独特香气和苦味。在地中海地区和东方菜肴以及英国、斯堪的那维亚和巴尔干的面包中作调色和调味佐料。也是法式菜浓味炖鱼的重要成分。  用作染料。  古代印度蒸馏番红花柱头得到一种金色水溶性布匹染料。在释迦牟尼去世後,其弟子以番红花为他们法衣的正式颜色。在几种文化中,王室服装均用这种染料染色。在希腊和罗马,番红花作为香料撒在会堂、宫廷、剧场和浴室。番红花与古希腊的艺妓关系密切。尼禄回罗马时,街道上洒满番红花。  抗癌、抗肿瘤。  近年来,科学家发现藏红花的花蕊中含有的藏红花酸、藏红花、藏红花素和藏红花苦素等都具有较强的抗癌活性,对于血癌细胞、乳头癌、扁平细胞瘤和软组织肉瘤等都  具有较强的抑制作用。因此,藏红花素等抗癌活性物质将成为21世纪最理想的抗癌药物之一。  藏红花的药理作用  对血液系统的作用。  番红花热水提取物具有显著的抗血凝作用。能延长血浆凝血酶原时间及活化部分凝血活酶时间(aPTT),抑制ADP和胶原诱导的血小板聚集,加速尿激酶及纤维蛋白溶酶的纤溶作用。  对子宫的作用。  可引起子宫节律性收缩,提高子宫的紧张性与兴奋性,大剂量时可出现痉挛性收缩,已孕子宫更为敏感。  对循环系统的作用。  对心血管系统的作用与其中含多量的钾盐有关。亦有报道,花被、雄蕊和花粉对离体冠状血管均有不同程度的扩张作用。  对实验性肾小球肾炎的治疗作用。  能使尿蛋白量明显减少,病理组织损害显著减轻,肾小球中免疫复合物溶解和吸收加快。  抗肿瘤作用。  现代研究发现藏红花制剂具有明显的抑癌抗癌能力,特别是藏红花萃取物二甲基藏红花酸对白血病、卵巢癌、结肠癌、横纹肌肉瘤、结肠癌、乳头肉瘤、扁平细胞瘤和软组织肉瘤等都具有较强的抑制作用。其抗癌机理可能是破坏DNA合成酶系,即破坏了对细胞DNA合成至关重要的DNA-蛋白质联系媒介,从而抑制DNA和RNA的合成,达到抑制肿瘤细胞生长的作用。  其他作用。  藏红花酸有降血脂作用。其机理可能是增加脂肪代谢能力。  藏红花副作用  活血祛瘀通经作用与红花相同而药力较强,并能凉血解毒,散郁开结,用于热毒斑疹,色不红活,忧思郁结,胸膈痞满。生用。内服:煎汤,1-3克。孕妇禁服。过量服用可致呕吐、肠绞痛、胃肠出血、尿血、神志不清、惊厥等不良反应。  藏红花含有红花醌苷、新红花苷、红花苷、红花黄色素和黄色素。不良反应:主要表现为腹部不适、腹痛、腹泻,甚或胃肠出血,腹部绞痛,妇女月经过多。主要与红花对肠管及子宫有兴奋作用有关。  与红花对神经系统的兴奋作用和过敏反应有关。引起红花中毒的主要原因有二:一是误用,二是用量过大。  藏红花食用  (一)藏红花的吃法  一般的吃法是每次取5-8根泡水喝,喝三日停一天或者隔日一次。每天6至8根花丝,泡水喝3、4杯水,坚持使用,用于预防和保健,能起到很好的美容保健作用,如此小量长期使用,其药性温和,效果很不错,但贵在坚持。  单独使用:可以采用直接煎煮的方法取汁服用,也可用沸水冲泡藏红花,反复冲泡4次;喝酒的朋友可以1斤酒泡4克藏红花半月后每日服用。  藏红花饭做法:先将米洗干净,加入3-5根藏红花,3-5粒卡达们,适量水,煮熟后加入炸香的腰果、干酪、盐、椰丝拌匀,  入药方式就按医嘱,不必多说(药用量一般是3-9克)。  (二)藏红花吃法禁忌  藏红花虽为良药,但它的副作用也不可小视。如果没有气血淤积的人成天服用这种药,就可能导致破血(即皮肤容易破溃出血)的发生。  藏红花还有一个作用,就是促进流产,所以孕妇和想要宝宝的女性也不能服食藏红花。藏红花长期以来一直被作为民间的堕胎药,历史悠久。(避孕无效,增加流产几率)不过产后可用于补血。  此外,每一次服用藏红花,最好在10克以内,因为有实例记载,由于藏红花对神经系统有较强的兴奋作用,所以有人服用大量藏红花后,出现因为兴奋过度而导致的头晕等症,更有敏感体质者出现了过敏性荨麻疹和皮疹。  藏红花造假严重,食用假藏红花,不但没有功效,还可能造成其他严重的后果!购买藏红花,网上购买藏红花,建议选择“西藏商城”或者“藏善堂”!线下购买建议选择同仁堂等品牌药房,不要到私人药房购买。  (三)藏红花怎么吃  藏红花泡水  原料:  开水、玻璃杯、藏红花  做法;  (1)将玻璃杯洗净备用  (2)取3-8根藏红花置于干净的玻璃杯中  (3)用沸水冲泡藏红花  (4)静置数分钟后饮用。续杯4、5次后连同花丝一起服下。  (5)藏红花具有美容养颜、减肥瘦身、调三高、增强身体抵抗力、延缓衰老等作用。  (6)以上方法摘自中国藏红花网有关藏红花泡水的介绍。  藏红花酸奶  食材:  鲜奶,酸奶,藏红花,糖  做法:  (1)将鲜奶煮沸腾,将上面的一层奶皮仍掉(脂肪,会胖的)。  (2)然后,让牛奶自然冷却,到差不多室温的时候,将酸奶加入,比例差不多是一斤鲜奶加一小杯酸奶(外面买的杯的那种)。  (3)然后让放在酸奶机里定好时间发酵,不要晃动,建议放入前加点糖,要不忒酸。  (4)到时间出锅放冰箱冷却一下,彻底凉了加入用矿泉水泡好的藏红花,搅拌均匀就吃吧。  藏红花烩萝卜  食材:  萝卜,藏红花,精盐,味精  做法:  (1)萝卜去皮煮熟,用酱油将表面上色,入6成油温油锅中微炸。  (2)萝卜切片,定碗,灌入咸鲜味汁上笼蒸至粑软,扣盘。  (3)少量余油将姜葱炒香加汤烧沸打去姜葱,放入藏红花,调味,勾轻二流芡,均匀淋于盘中即可.。  泡藏红花酒  藏红花泡酒最直接的方法是:白酒500毫升,藏红花4g,浸泡一周常饮。每日3次,每次20毫升。功能主治:调经、活血、祛瘀、止痛、用于清肝热、血瘀血滞、月经不调、产后恶露不尽、跌打损伤、内外出血、肺炎、身体衰弱、培元健身,是肝病良药。  藏红花和许多名贵中药材搭配泡酒对治疗风湿,坐骨神经、安神也有奇效。  (1)藏红花坐骨神经酒  处方:半夏、北柴胡、桃仁、藏红花、牛膝等十几种名贵纯天然野生中草药。  功能主治:腰痛至大腿外侧疼痛、麻木、上臂痛等。  饮用方法:每日早晚饭前各服一次,每次25g。  (2)藏红花祛风湿酒  配方:生地15克,藏红花3克,制川乌5克,桑寄生12克,全当归10克,蕲蛇干15克,乌梢蛇干15克,白酒2斤。  功能主治:活血祛风通络。适用于风湿性关节炎,以及痛风。饮用方法:每日早晚饭前各服一次,每次25g。  (3)藏红花安神酒  处方:人参、枣仁、远志、藏红花、柏子仁等十几种名贵纯天然中草药。  功能主治:严重失眠、抑郁症、神经官能症、心悸易惊、心肾不交等。  饮用方法:每日睡前1小时后服用,每次25g;严重者早晚饭后各一次,每次25g。  功效:轻症者服用五至七天明显见效,重症者服用三至五周显效。  (四)总结:  藏红花药酒虽然功效显著,但是在服用的时候也要注意一下服用禁忌。  注意事项如下:  服用药酒期间,半小时内严禁抽烟。  药酒和白酒绝对不能同时服用,要间隔三小时以上。  西药和药酒不能同时服用,要间隔两小时以上或遵医嘱。  孕妇、儿童禁止服用。  高血压、心脏病人要减量15-20ml。  注意事项  (一)

Cordyceps

2019-07-15

Cordyceps sinensis (scientific name: Cordycepssinensis), also known as Chinese cordyceps sinensis, also known as cordyceps sinensis, referred to as cordyceps sinensis. It is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine called Cordyceps sinensis. It is composed of larvae of bat moth parasitized in alpine meadow soil by Cordyceps sinensis of the genus Cordyceps of Ergot family, which makes the larvae rigid. Under suitable conditions, it is formed by the head end of the caterpillar in summer (I. e., a complex composed of the fruiting body of Cordyceps sinensis and the caterpillar scleroides (larvae)). It is mainly produced in the alpine zone and snow-capped grasslands of Qinghai, Tibet, Xinjiang, Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu, Guizhou and other provinces and autonomous regions in China. Cordyceps sinensis is a complex of ergot fungus Cordyceps sinensis parasitizing on the larvae of the bat moth family insects and larvae corpses. It is a traditional precious nourishing Chinese herbal medicine with various effects such as regulating immune system function, anti-tumor and anti-fatigue. Ten functions 1. Regulate the function of the immune system The immune system is equivalent to the army in the human body, fighting tumors internally, clearing aging and necrotic cells and tissues, and fighting viruses, bacteria and other microbial infections externally. Mutated tumor cells can appear every day. A human body with a functioning immune system can escape the doom of a tumor, while a person with a functioning immune system may develop a tumor. The effect of Cordyceps sinensis on the immune system is like adjusting the volume to make it in the best condition. It can not only increase the number of cells and tissues of the immune system, promote antibody production, increase the number of phagocytosis and killer cells, enhance their functions, but also reduce the function of certain immune cells. 2. direct anti-tumor effect Cordyceps sinensis extract has a clear inhibition and killing effect on tumor cells in vitro. Cordyceps sinensis contains cordycepin, which is the main component of its anti-tumor effect. 3. Improve cell energy and anti-fatigue Cordyceps sinensis can improve the energy of the body's energy factory-mitochondria, improve the body's cold resistance, and reduce fatigue. 4. Regulating cardiac function Cordyceps sinensis can improve cardiac hypoxia tolerance, reduce cardiac oxygen consumption, anti-arrhythmia. 5. Regulation of liver function Cordyceps sinensis can reduce toxic substances on the liver damage, against the occurrence of liver fibrosis. In addition, it plays a beneficial role in viral hepatitis by regulating immune function and enhancing antiviral ability. Regulating the function of respiratory system Cordyceps has the function of expanding bronchus, relieving asthma, eliminating phlegm and preventing emphysema. 7. Regulation of kidney function Cordyceps can reduce chronic-disease kidney disease, improve renal function, reduce toxic substances on the kidney damage. Regulation of Hematopoietic Function Cordyceps can enhance the ability of bone marrow to produce platelets, red blood cells and white blood cells. 9. Regulating blood lipids Cordyceps sinensis can reduce blood cholesterol and triglycerides, improve the high-density lipoprotein beneficial to the human body, and reduce atherosclerosis. Other effects Cordyceps sinensis also has a direct anti-virus, regulate the central nervous system function, regulate sexual function and so on. Cordyceps sinensis can play such a comprehensive health care effect on the human body as Cordyceps sinensis, which can be described as magical and worthy of the laudatory name of "fairy grass" since ancient times. In modern society, taking Cordyceps sinensis is not only a guarantee of its own health, but more importantly, it brings the ultimate quality of healthy life. Cordyceps sinensis anti-fatigue effect, fatigue is a very common phenomenon. It can be divided into two types of disease fatigue and non-disease fatigue. Generally speaking, as long as non-disease fatigue can be eliminated by sleep, exercise, and entertainment. However, disease fatigue is not possible. We can only eliminate symptoms by drug treatment. However, the discovery of Cordyceps has not only played a preventive role in disease fatigue, but also played a preventive role in non-disease fatigue-the human body will accumulate a large amount of lactic acid in muscle tissue after exercise or fatigue. And metabolites. Cordyceps sinensis can regulate human endocrine, accelerate blood flow, further promote the body's metabolic activities tend to normal, and quickly remove lactic acid and metabolic products, so that the serum enzyme indicators quickly return to normal, to achieve the effect of rapid recovery of body function. Therefore, Cordyceps sinensis is anti-fatigue effect. Two Major Functions 1. Medical Effects Pharmacology According to modern research results, Cordyceps sinensis in Qinghai contains about 7% cordycepic acid, 28.9 sugar, 8.4 fat, 25% protein and 82.2 unsaturated fatty acids in fat. In addition, it also contains vitamin B12, ergottol, six-carbon sugar alcohol, alkaloids, etc. According to the analysis of medical science, cordyceps contains cordycepic acid. Vitamin B12, fat, protein, etc. Cordyceps sinensis is sweet, gentle and non-toxic. It is a famous tonic and strong medicine. It is commonly used in meat stew and has the effect of tonifying deficiency and health. Suitable for the treatment of lung qi deficiency and lung and kidney deficiency, tuberculosis caused by hemoptysis or blood in sputum, cough. Shortness of breath, night sweats, etc., also have good effects on kidney deficiency and yang-impotence, waist and knee pain, etc., and are also nourishing products for the elderly. 2. The dietotherapy effect of taking Cordyceps sinensis to tonifying deficiency should vary from person to person due to illness, or take it as a single drug, or use it together with other drugs. You can fry water, stew soup, make medicated meals, or make wine, tea, etc. For example, there are symptoms of low back pain and weakness, sleep sickness, yang-impotence-early-discharge, tinnitus, forgetfulness and trance, which can be taken with 2 grams of Cordyceps sinensis each time, grind to the powder and take it on an empty stomach once a day in the morning and evening. You can also use 5 grams of Cordyceps sinensis, with Eucommia ulmoides, Chuanthin, etc. For those who are weak after illness, or are prone to colds and fear of cold and spontaneous sweating, Cordyceps sinensis and chicken, duck, cow, pig, mutton and other stews can be commonly used. If you use 5-10 Cordyceps sinensis and a husband duck, remove the tripe, add a little yellow wine and cook it rotten to eat, you can enhance your physical fitness. Or use 4 cordyceps sinensis every day and take it on an empty stomach after decoction. Cordyceps can have sedative, anticonvulsant and cooling effects on the central nervous system; it can reduce blood pressure on the cardiovascular system, reduce myocardial oxygen consumption, improve myocardial ischemia, and antiarrhythmic effects; it can dilate bronchi, eliminate phlegm and relieve asthma on the respiratory system. In addition, it has significant effects on chronic nephritis and renal failure. The authority of modern medical research also found that Cordyceps sinensis can indeed improve the immune function of the body and enhance disease resistance. It is a rare and precious Chinese herbal medicine, and its use and value will be recognized and applied by more and more people. Edible Method Cordyceps Cistanche Stewed Mutton-Female Nourishing and Nourishing Recipe [Formula] Cordyceps sinensis 10g, Cannon Tianxiong 10g, Cistanche deserticola 10g, mutton 100g, ginger 2 pieces. [efficacy] this soup can cure dark circles, dizziness and floaters. [Production] Boil the mutton in a pot of boiling water for 5 minutes, take it out and wash it. Cordyceps sinensis, Cannon Tianxiong, Cistanche deserticola, wash it with water respectively, put all the ingredients into a stew cup, add appropriate amount of water, cover it, stew for 3 hours, add salt to taste and eat. Cordyceps quail-female-young health medicated diet [formula] Cordyceps sinensis 10g, quail 8, ginger 10g, scallion 10g, pepper 2g, salt 5g, chicken soup 300g. [Preparation Method] 1. Remove dust from Cordyceps sinensis, soak it in wine and wash it. After quail is slaughtered, drain the blood, scald it thoroughly with warm water (70 ℃), remove hair, viscera and claws (planing from the back to remove viscera), blanch it in boiling water for 1 minute, take it out and cool it. Cut scallion; Slice ginger. 2. Put 2-3 cordyceps sinensis into the abdomen of each quail, and put 8 grams of cordyceps sinensis in eight portions. Then wrap the thread one by one and put it into the cup. The chicken soup is mixed with salt and pepper, poured into the cup, sealed with wet cotton paper, and steamed in the cage for 40 minutes. [efficacy] qi and blood, tonifying lung and kidney, stop cough. For women-women's health. Cordyceps flower gum stewed pigeon-female nourishing beauty recipe [formula] cordyceps sinensis 10g, pigeon 1, flower gum 30g, (flower gum, also known as fish maw, is made by taking out swim bladder from fish belly, cutting and drying it in the sun.) ginger 1 piece. [efficacy] tonifying qi and blood, used for physical deficiency after illness, head vertigo, women take down, etc. [production] pigeon hair, wash, Cordyceps sinensis, ginger wash, flower glue soaking hair, shredded wash, all the ingredients into the container stew, add appropriate amount of boiling water, a little wine, cover, water stew for 3 hours, seasoning for use. 4. Cordyceps sinensis duck-compendium of materia medica [raw materials] male duck 1 Cordyceps sinensis 5-10 pieces of scallion and ginger salt each appropriate amount [production] male duck hair and internal organs, washed, placed in a casserole or aluminum pot; Add Cordyceps sinensis and salt, ginger, onion and other seasonings, add water, simmer and simmer with low heat, and rotten (or put Cordyceps, add appropriate amount of water, stew in water, seasoning). [Usage] Serve meals. [efficacy] tonifying deficiency and helping yang. Suitable for chronic illness, anemia, limb cold spontaneous sweating, night sweats, impotence-spermatorrhea and other diseases. Cordyceps fungus stewed turtle-anti-cancer diet [raw materials]: 40g of cordyceps sinensis, 20g of white-backed fungus, 16g of yam, 16g of medlar, a little fine salt, 1 piece of ginger, 2 red dates, 1 turtle and 120g of lean pork. [Production]: Select a live turtle, lower it into a basin, add hot water to drain all urine, dissect and wash it clean, soak yam and medlar with clear water, wash it clean and set aside. Soak the white back fungus with water to make it open, wash it clean and set aside. Ginger, red dates were washed with water, ginger scrape off the ginger skin, cut a piece; red dates to nuclear, spare. Wash lean pork with clean water, put all the above ingredients into the stew cup, add appropriate amount of frozen boiling water, cover the stew cup lid, put it into the pot, stew in water for about 4 hours, seasoned with a little fine salt, and ready to eat. [efficacy]: this stew has the function of invigorating spleen and appetizer, nourishing liver and kidney, removing blood stasis and dispersing knots. Suitable for nourishing and strong body, soup nourishing but not greasy, tonic but not dry, the most suitable for a large and small food drinking. It is also suitable for patients with bone tumors.

Jiantang Women's Clothing

2019-07-15

The color of Sister Shangri-La is like a Gesang flower blooming on the Jiantang grassland. I don't know which crouching tiger, hidden dragon's head, came up with the new term Sister Color, which makes it spread freely in the folk of Shangri-La... One color is not enough to represent, and the general title is not convincing. All the colors in the world and the honorific title of elder sister are included in the bag, only Shangri-La's elder sister color. You are often surprised at sister's ability to control color. Often a variety of colors come together, brilliant and dazzling but without conflict, such as indigo, snow-white and pink headdress, purple waistcoat and blue-white waist, regardless of the appropriate embroidery, but also on the red woolen cloth, or purple sweater, bright yellow coat. This is not over, there are also pink black brown red shoes, shoulder with a bright color of the bag... It is said that it is more difficult for a woman to control more than three colors when she wears clothes. However, this argument, which is highly praised by countless women, is easily overturned by sister color: go and see sister color in Shangri-La, dressed in at least 4 and at most 8 colors, but they only remind people of the wild and sky after rain, or the large vegetable garden in autumn. to take the most unsuccessful one, they also look like a lively fritillary pheasant. Sister color is the most dazzling and gorgeous color on Shangri-La Street. They come and go like colorful clouds. Generally, they are groups of happy and wordy people who look a little short of heart and lungs. This shop is drilling and that stall is looking at them. The whole person is like a big head portrait that has avoided all shadows. Their faces are full of sincerity, curiosity and kindness, which makes people worry that they will be easily pried out of their wallets by some unscrupulous merchant in the street at any time, after that, I would take an empty wallet and sincerely thank people with a full face. I saw a group of colorful sisters in the street, holding banknotes in their hands and shouting "pinch fine (my child) wait a ha, wait a ha, pinch fine...", chasing a disabled child sitting in front of the electric car sliding, the child just passed by them with a box asking for money. But they didn't pay for it. At that moment, they were busy with other things. They were busy whisking to each other, shaking their heads and sighing, wiping their tears. When the child slipped away, they woke up from these busyness and performed the above scene. However, they often laugh loudly and make big moves with domineering side leakage. They speak straight, are impatient and have strong actions. The whole person is like a bowl of spicy hot food, which makes people with colds love and hate. They often walk on the street like they are building a pond and a dam. When they talk, they are like shouting at cattle and sheep. Business is booming. Those perverts who try to get close to them are said to be always defeated by them. Sister color everywhere. In the community, riding an electric car kept shouting "yogurt? Yogurt?", in the vegetable market selling butter milk dregs fungus, in the field driving a tractor, carrying and holding children, in the pasture driving a yak, driving a Land Rover Hummer roaring by ...... In the face of life, they are well-deserved half of the sky, more or incredible pillars. As young or younger women living in villages and towns near the city of Shangri-La, some of them have become bosses, some are starting businesses, and some are also engaged in semi-pastoral and semi-agricultural businesses. They play WeChat and strangers, and like to take selfies with their mouths pouted and their eyes wide open. They received high-heeled shoes, silk scarves, coffee and cakes together with the city of Shangri-La, and also made outsiders fall in love with Chuba, Pufu, ghee milk residue and Zanba. Through the ever-changing fashions and trends on the streets of Shangri-La, Sister Color is actually a wise and firm presence. You will find that no matter how ever-changing colors are, only the matching changes, and the theme on them will always be the Jiantang Tibetan costume that will never fall out of date. The elder sister who likes dancing in Guozhuang most is colorful. At that time, they were connected by blood in Guozhuang music that has been circulating for thousands of years. They lowered their heads slightly and sang and danced softly. It always reminds people of the highland barley field in late autumn and the ripe highland barley ears that swung with the wind.

Amdo Tibetan Costumes

2019-07-15

Amdo tibetan costumes (pictures) amdo tibetan costumes can be generally divided into tibetan robe, lambskin robe, sheepskin robe, wool robe and single coat robe, etc. The Tibetan gown of Tibet belongs to wool fabric, which is produced in all Tibetan areas, but the Tibet Tibet around Lhasa is more famous. Because of the quality of wool, textile techniques and dyes, the grade of Tibetan robes is also very different. In the old days, nobles and lords wore it for important activities, and poor farmers and herdsmen also wore it for grazing and working in the fields. The Tibetan robes here are mostly crimson, with delicate texture, soft hand feeling and strong warmth retention. New or superior Tibetan robes can also be used as raincoats. The Tibetan robe is strong and durable and can be worn all year round. Lamb leather gown for lamb leather processing products, plus fabric sewn, mostly as a dress. According to their different colors, they are divided into white lambskin robes and black lambskin robes. Now the black lambskin robes are regarded as precious robes. Lambskin robes are divided into several grades according to the length of the hair, the degree of curl and the quality of the leather. The robes made are mostly of the same grade. A medium lambskin Tibetan robe is generally made of more than 40 lambskin. Sheepskin robes can be divided into two kinds of goat skin robes and sheep skin robes. Women in rural areas wear goat skin robes, which are suitable for cutting, light weight, soft and beautiful. Sheepskins are divided into winter, summer and autumn sheepskins because of different seasons and cortex. Sheepskin Tibetan robes are leather products commonly worn in Tibetan areas. When making robes, the leather processing procedures are very exquisite, and the methods are also different. Among them, the leather dug from the raw is the most flexible, abrasion-resistant and can be used as raincoats. It is one of the most attractive leather robes. Wool gowns, such as cotton-padded clothes in the north of the mainland, are only changed from cotton to wool and short to long gowns. Therefore, gowns made of sheep wool sandwich are made in the same way. It is characterized by wearing light, warm, and moving freely. Single gown gown is mainly popular in agricultural areas with low altitude and warm climate. It is characterized by cool, loose and comfortable, natural and graceful, and the difference between the old gown in the mainland is only different in style. Wear it to show the masculinity of men and the delicate beauty of women. The shirt is the embellishment of the Tibetan robe, divided into a large lapel and a pair of lapels. Material and color according to individual preferences, traditional silk products and cotton products. Those who use orange and light yellow as their shirts are mostly monks or Buddhists. There are various styles, including flat collar and stand collar. The collar column is divided into single buckle, double buckle or three-row buckle. It is decorated with dark banding and is quite gorgeous with animal leather trim. A dazzling array of accessories The preference for accessories has a lot to do with people's age, gender, status and hobbies, aesthetics, etc. There are many types of accessories that can be described as dazzling and everywhere. There are mainly head braid ornaments, item chest ornaments, finger wrist ornaments, robe trim, waist ornaments and so on.

Kangba Women's Clothing

2019-07-15

"Kang" means frontier, "Ba" means human, and "Kang Ba" means people in Kang District. Kangba clothing is also unique, mainly including Tibetan robes, sleeveless waistcoat, waistcoat, robe skirt, long cloth shirt, etc. I like to wear traditional Tibetan boots at my feet. The hats are most popular with calendula, hat and fox fur hat. Men and women are decorated with different colors, shapes and patterns from head to toe. They are generally made of gold, silver, agate, coral, pine ear stone and other fine work. The most important thing to show the luxury of the Kumba people is the female headdress. Many people who have been to Kang District say that they cannot judge their wealth by the furnishings of Kangba Tibetans, and only by seeing the headwear of the hostess can they make a judgment. Men's clothing mainly reflects the powerful and loose and comfortable attire. The men in Kang District tie a heroic knot to show their bravery, thick and bold, and show their bravery in their wealth, fully showing the style of Kangba men. Clothing varies from place to place in Kang District. Generally, people in that area can be judged according to their clothing. There is an ancient folk song that sings and praises like this: "Although I am not from Qamdo, I know the decoration of Qamdo. I want to talk about the decoration of Qamdo. Although I am not from Gongjue, I know the decoration of Gongjue. I want to talk about the decoration of Gongjue. I am not from Dege, I know the decoration of Dege, and I want to talk about the decoration of Dege, the pearl on the top of the head is a golden lotus hug; Although I am not from Hoko, I know Hoko decoration. Hoko decoration wants me to talk about it. The red and green belts are all over the waist. I know whether I am a Dado, Dado decoration wants me to talk about it. Although I am not from Litang, I know Litang decoration. Litang decoration wants me to talk about it. The hair is silver plate jingle; I am not from Batang. I know the decoration of Batang. The decoration of Batang wants me to talk about it. Silver thread is wrapped around my forehead. Although I am not from Yanjing, I know the decoration of Yanjing. The decoration of Yanjing requires me to talk about it. My head is wrapped with wind and waist hanging knives. I am not from Changtai. I know Changtai decoration. Changtai decoration wants me to talk about it. Bago has a glorious hair." The colorful Kangba Tibetan costumes have a long history and distinctive national characteristics. They are a unique practical art and cultural and artistic crystallization created by the Kangba people living in the eastern part of the Tibetan area, which embodies its creator-The infinite wisdom, creativity, artistic accomplishment and aesthetic taste of the Tibetan people.

Kangba Man and Clothing

2019-07-15

There is a Tibetan saying that "the law of Wei Zang, the horses of Amdo, and the people of Kangba", which highlights the characteristics of Kangba men. The Kangba people have lived for generations and inhabit the Hengduan Mountains at the junction of Sichuan, Yunnan, Qinghai, and Tibet. The mountains are high and deep, the rivers are vertical and horizontal, and the harsh natural environment has not only shaped the strong and bold character of the Kangba people, but also cultivated them to go out of the mountains and do business. Traditions and customs. Therefore, the largest number of giant merchants in Tibetan areas are the Kangba people. In recent years, the Kangba area has become known in the country, and the more famous is the Kangba man. It is widely rumored in unison history that the Kangba people were the only race in the world that Hitler thought was as good as the Germanic people, and the stories of many European women who went to Kangba to search for good genetic genes for the next generation tended to spread more and more widely. The Kangba man was fierce and aggressive, and by nature loved to wander, and was called the "Gypsy" of Tibet ". The nomadic life for many years has made them have a wild and unrestrained temperament, and the bold and unrestrained nature of nomads has been fully reflected in them. The Khampa men have a clear line of grievances, even if they are sibling. Their most customary way of solving problems is to duel. It doesn't matter if you are short or weak. I'll give you a knife first. I can't bear this knife. I'm unlucky. If I do, I'll have to risk my life. After the shadow of the sword, there was no enmity. The two men with their heads wrapped around their hands still drank together to be friends, regardless of the catty when drinking. Kangba men are not only brave and extraordinary, but also very good at doing business and are born businessmen. They have the world style of doing business, and big businesses emerge in endlessly. The famous Kangba merchants are one of the important benefactor of temples in Tibetan areas. They believe in righteousness, dare to take risks, do business everywhere, footprints all over Tibet and surrounding areas.

Jiarong Tibetan Clothing

2019-07-15

Jiarong Tibetan clothing and clothes are mostly made of self-produced cattle and wool, which are hung into threads and then woven into carpets, or sewn with self-produced linen. Men's clothing called "big collar shirt". Cuff size surplus, lower turn slit high, no collar, material 8-9 meters. Each button is additionally sewn with a small red cloth strip 3cm long by one finger. Women wear short shirts and hundred-fold skirts with a blue apron or a black apron with gold lace at the waist, and a self-woven floral belt at the waist. The hair is braided into two foot braids with wigs and hairlines. A black turban folded into six layers is placed on the head and tied tightly with braids. The turban is hemmed with a five-color thread. Embroidered into various patterns. A red or other color border about 10cm wide should be sewn on the lapel.

Danba.

2019-07-15

Danba "Beauty Valley" of Tibetan beauties (group pictures) This is the Danba "Beauty Valley" Kangding men, Danba beauties, Kangding men are as good as mountains, Danba beauties are as beautiful as water; Danba is recognized as a beauty, especially from Danba Beauty Valley is particularly many beauties; Danba is a beauty, it is said that Danba beauties are descendants of the Xixia royal family; it may also have a certain relationship with the geographical environment and climate, water and soil, race. Maybe there are other reasons. If you are interested, you may as well go and see for yourself.

Rhodiola

2019-07-15

Rhodiola rosea (scientific name: RhodiolaroseaL), alias: Rhodiola rosea, Sauromaper (Tibetan name), etc.; It is a perennial herb with a height of 10-20cm. Roots stout, conical, fleshy, brownish yellow, root neck with many fibrous roots, rhizome short, thick, cylindrical, scaly leaves arranged by most imbricate. [1] It grows in an alpine and pollution-free zone of 1800-2500 meters above sea level, and its growth environment is harsh, so it has strong vitality and special adaptability. It can be used for medicinal purposes, can replenish qi and clear lung, and nourish the heart. It is a traditional Chinese medicine with a wide range of effects. It also has a great beauty effect and can be used as skin care products and edible. Morphological characteristics of perennial herbs. Roots stout, erect. Root neck short, apex scaly. The flower stems are 20-30cm high. Leaves sparsely oblong to elliptic-oblanceolate or oblong-broadly ovate, 7-35mm long and 5-18mm wide, apex acute or acuminate, entire or with a few teeth distally, base slightly clasping. Inflorescence corymbose, densely many-flowered, 2cm long and 3-6cm wide; Dioecious; Sepals 4, lanceolate-linear, 1mm long, obtuse; Petals 4, yellow-green, linear-oblanceolate or oblong, 3mm long, obtuse; Stamens 8 in male flowers, longer than petals; Scales 4, oblong, 1-1.5mm long, 0.6mm wide, apical dentate emarginate; female flower central coat 4, style recurved. Follicles lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, erect, 6-8mm long, beak 1mm long; seeds lanceolate, 2mm long, narrowly winged on one side. The flowering period is from April to June and the fruiting period is from July to September. [2] Plant morphology and growth habits Rare wild plants grow under forests or on grassy slopes in alpine and pollution-free zones of 1800-2500 meters above sea level, mostly distributed in alpine zones in the northern hemisphere. [3] Because of its poor growth environment, such as hypoxia, low temperature and dryness, strong wind, ultraviolet radiation, and large temperature difference between day and night, it has strong vitality and special adaptability. It is distributed in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Tibet and northwestern Yunnan, Ningxia, Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, Tibet and other places; it is also distributed in northern Europe to the Soviet Union, Mongolia, North Korea, and Japan. Propagation and cultivation Propagation techniques Propagation methods Propagate with seeds and rhizomes. Seed propagation, seedling transplanting method. The seeds are small, the weight of 1000 grains is 0.13-0.15g, the suitable germination temperature is 15-20 ℃, and the germination force is lost after storage for 1 year. The mature and full new seeds can be soaked with gibberellin plus ABT rooting powder to promote germination and rooting, with a seedling emergence rate of 70%. Bacteria can be used in greenhouses or plastic greenhouses and outdoor sunny beds. Spring sowing in April; Autumn sowing in October, especially in autumn. To broadcast or broadcast. Cover fine soil and cover grass after sowing. Always keep the seedbed moist to prevent people and animals from trampling on the bed surface, and provide appropriate shade when the sun is too strong. Cultivate for 1 year and transplant from late April to early May or mid-to-late September. Trench according to row spacing of 10-15cm, plant spacing of 7-10cm, place seedlings obliquely in the ditch and cover soil of 2cm. Rhizome propagation, combined with harvest, select the larger rhizome, cut into 3-5cm small segments, slightly air 1-2d, so that the wound healing. Spring planting is April to May; Autumn planting is from September to October. Autumn cutting is appropriate. According to the bead spacing of 20-25cm × 10-15cm, it is planted obliquely, covered with soil, and slightly suppressed. Cultivation techniques: Rhodiola rosea is generally wild in Xiangyang hillside, stone gap, alpine meadow, high mountain rock crevice, hillside grass rhodiola form land, shrub edge and high mountain dry sandy soil. It has strong adaptability, likes cold and humid climatic conditions, is resistant to cold and drought, and is not very strict with soil requirements. It should be cultivated in mountainous areas with high altitude, cold climate, short frost-free period and large temperature difference between day and night in summer. The cultivated land should be loam or sandy loam with rich humus, deep soil layer, sufficient sunshine and good drainage, and can be cultivated in forest cutting land or wasteland in mountain areas. The best choice for nursery soil fertile loose, close to the water plot. For transplanting, hillside land, barren hillslope land and non-cultivated land with good drainage and slightly more sand in soil shall be selected as far as possible, and shall not be cultivated in clay, saline-alkali soil and low-lying waterlogged land. After soil preparation and fertilization, the site shall be deeply turned over for 30~40cm, sundries in the field shall be removed, soil clumps shall be broken, and furrows shall be made along the slope. The furrows shall be 100~120cm wide, 20~25cm high and 50~70cm wide. In combination with cultivated land, 30000~50000kg of stable manure or pigsty manure and 20~30kg of compound fertilizer shall be applied per hectare crushed and leveled. The flat land with higher terrain can be ridged, and the land with lower terrain can also be ridged. The non-arable land on the hillside and the hillside can only be ploughed and raked, and the ridging is not done, but the drainage ditch should be dug. Fresh and mature Rhodiola seeds are sown in spring or autumn, with spring sowing from late March to early April and autumn sowing from mid-September to freezing. Autumn sowing early seedling, seedling complete, seeds do not need to deal. When sowing in spring, the seeds should be soaked in water. The specific method is: put the seeds into clean cloth bags, soak the cloth bags in normal temperature water for 40-50h, change the water 2-4 times a day, dry the soaked seeds to remove the surface moisture in a cool and ventilated place, and sow immediately when the seeds can disperse naturally. When sowing, the soil on the surface of the nursery bed shall be scraped flat with a wooden board, and the furrows shall be opened according to the row spacing of 8~10cm, with the furrows deep of 3~5mm. The seeds shall be evenly spread in the furrows, and the seeds shall be sown 1 per square meter. 5 to 2. 0g, 2~3mm fine soil screened by cover, compacted by hand or board, and then covered with a layer of straw or pine branches on the bed. Transplanting Rhodiola seedlings were transplanted after 1 year of growth, and the transplanting time was after the above-ground part withered in the autumn of that year or before the spring of the second year. The effect of transplanting in spring is better. Generally, when the seedlings have not yet germinated from late March to early April, all the seedlings are excavated first, and transplanted according to the planting size. The planting row spacing is 20cm, the planting spacing is 10~12cm, the horizontal furrow is cut, the furrow depth is 10~12cm, the top bud is planted upward into the furrow, the thickness of the covering soil is 2~3cm above the top bud, and the planting is slightly suppressed, about 50 large seedlings per square meter, seedlings can be planted 60. Harvest and Processing Harvest Season After the above-ground part withers in autumn, first remove the above-ground withered stems and leaves, dig out the underground part, remove the soil, rinse with water, and dry at 60~70 ℃, or steam the washed medicinal materials in a pot for 7~10 minutes, dry them in the sun or in a drying room, and when the medicinal materials reach 80% 7. dry, straighten the roots and rhizomes, align the top, bundle several rhizomes into small bundles, and bake until dry. Disease and pest control diseases mainly occur in the incision of rhizome propagation seedlings, easy to form root rot, before planting disinfection and sterilization can be prevented. The main pests are aphids and small red bead silk butterfly and other lepidoptera pests, with environmentally friendly insecticide 3% high permeability phenoxycarb EC0.025%~ 0.033% solution spraying control. Medicinal value: cold, sweet, astringent. Menorrhotic: lung. Function indications: Qi Qingfei, Yizhi Yangxin, astringent hemostasis, blood stasis detumescence effect. It is mainly used to treat qi deficiency and weakness, chills after illness, shortness of breath and fatigue, lung heat, cough, hemoptysis, leucorrhea diarrhea, traumatic injury, etc. Usage and dosage: oral administration: decocted soup, 3-9g; External use: appropriate amount, tamping; Or grind to adjust. Discussions by various families 1. "Shen Nong's Materia Medica" The first ancient Chinese medical classic "Shen Nong's Materia Medica" lists Rhodiola as the top grade in medicine. Taking Rhodiola to lighen the body and benefit the qi, does not age and prolong the life, is non-toxic and takes more, and does not hurt people after taking it for a long time. It can tonifying the kidney, adjusting qi and nourishing blood, treating general fatigue, chest tightness, etc.; it also has the effects of promoting blood circulation to stop bleeding, clearing the lung and relieving cough, antipyretic, and stopping the belt. 2. There are also records about Rhodiola in the "Four Medical Codes" collected in the "Four Medical Codes", which say that it is "flat in nature, astringent in taste, good at moistening the lungs, tonifying the kidney, and nourishing qi and blood. The main indications of fatigue, chest tightness, nausea, weakness and other symptoms. 3. "Jingzhu Materia" and "Jingzhu Materia" say "Rhodiola invigorates the blood and clears the lung, relives cough and fever, and relives pain. It is used to treat pneumonia, tracheitis, weakness, general fatigue, chest tightness, difficulty in ventilation, lips and palms. Purple". 4. "Compendium of Materia Medica" Li Shizhen of the Ming Dynasty "Compendium of Materia Medica" records that "Rhodiola rosea, the first grade of the scripture, dispelling evil spirits, and making up for deficiencies" is "rare in known tonic drugs". 5. "Qianjin Wing Fang" and "Qianjin Wing Fang" say "Jingtian tastes bitter, sour and flat, non-toxic. The Lord is hot and sore, the body is hot and vexed, the evil spirit, all the poison scabs, cold and hot wind arthralgia, all the deficiencies, the flower owner woman leaks red and white, cleans her body and eyes, and is not old for a long time." 6. The Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine record that Rhodiola rosea is cold in nature and sweet in taste. Activating blood to stop bleeding, clearing lung and relieving cough. Cough for hemoptysis, hemoptysis, pneumonia and cough." [11] 7, "Modern Practical Materia" and "Modern Practical Materia" say that it has seven functions, namely "1. central inhibition. 2. anti-fatigue effect. 3. strong heart effect. 4. anti-inflammatory effect. 5. inhibition of elevated blood sugar. 6. anti-peroxidation. 7. anti-microwave radiation effect ". [12] 8. "Commonly Used Chinese Herbal Medicine in Tibet" "Commonly Used Chinese Herbal Medicine in Tibet": Rhodiola rosea also has the effects of promoting blood circulation and stopping bleeding, clearing the lung and relieving cough, antipyretic and stopping bleeding. The main indications of hemoptysis, pneumonia cough, women leucorrhea and other diseases. Protection status due to overgrazing and man-made unplanned mining, making the system as one of the population of Rhodiola population decreased, the distribution pattern has been seriously damaged. On the one hand, it will limit the maintenance and development of the Rhodiola population itself, on the other hand, the change of its quantity and pattern will affect the living conditions of its associated species, and reduce the stability of the alpine meadow ecosystem. With the deepening of people's understanding of the new pharmacological effects of Rhodiola, the demand will continue to expand. If the problem of resource supply is not effectively solved, it will be difficult to maintain and protect the fragile native ecosystem of Rhodiola, which will inevitably lead to the reduction of biological resources of Rhodiola plants and the loss of genetic diversity resources, and then lead to the destruction of the native ecosystem on which Sedum depends. Measures for the protection of Rhodiola can be implemented from the following aspects: 1, the construction of Rhodiola germplasm resource bank; 2, the selection of core quality traits index screening Rhodiola resources; 3, the use of modern technology and biological means to establish a high-efficiency utilization of Rhodiola technology platform.

Snow Tea

2019-07-15

Snow tea (Thamnoliavermicularia), also known as ground tea, Taibai tea and ground snow tea, is a plant in the tea family of lichen. Snow tea is a lichon tea plant, shaped like hollow grass buds, 30 to 70mm long, 1 to 3mm thick, extremely light in weight, shaped like white chrysanthemum petals, white as snow, hence the name. Snow tea is divided into green snow tea (red snow tea) and white snow tea. It is called "summer soft" in Tibetan language and "Ge Leng" in Naxi language means "tea on the rock". The tea is produced in the area of Yulong Snow Mountain, Yak Mountain, Yaoshan and other high mountains thousands of meters above sea level, is a kind of tea plants. Because it is natural wild, it can not be cultivated artificially. Snow tea is pure and refreshing, its taste is slightly bitter and sweet, is a rare health drink. Take a little with boiling water bubble drink, or add to the tea bubble drink, have heat and fluid, can wake up the mind, lower blood pressure, blood lipids and other effects. Development History Tibet has a long history of drinking snow tea. As early as the Ming Dynasty, snow tea has become a tribute treasure of Mu's chieftain. Now there are many companies in Tibet that produce boxed products and beverages, which are good gifts for relatives and friends in tourism. Tibetan snow tea has a high position in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. It is recorded in the Compendium of Materia Medica: "Snow tea is not tea, but is born with a kind of grass bud. The natives can stir-fry and bake it, and cook it instead of tea. It is warm in the abdomen and tastes bitter and fragrant". Tea famous place tea, too white tea, shaped like white chrysanthemum petals, white as snow, hence the name Tibet snow tea, growing in the snow-covered alpine moss belt above 4000 meters above sea level, is natural wild and cannot be cultivated artificially. Tibet snow tea is cool and sweet. It is rich in snow tea acid, scaly acid, crochete acid, D-arbitol, mannitol, amino acids, a variety of vitamins and trace elements. It is a safe, non-toxic and side-effect drink after drug inspection. Classification characteristics Snow tea, Shangri-La Tibetan called "summer soft" or "gang stem", is a teaceae lichen plant, distributed in Shangri-La Diqing Prefecture at an altitude of 3,000 meters on the grassland and stone surface, from a distance like a layer of frost. Snow tea according to its color can be divided into white snow tea and black snow tea. White Snow Tea Literature [Provenance] "Compendium of Materia Medica" outlines snow tea, which comes out of southern Yunnan with white color and yellowish color for a long time. It is cooked with a lamp, and its fragrance wins. Shaped like a lotus heart, but as a jade bud color ear. According to the snow tea out of Yongshan County, Yunnan Province, the mountains are covered with snow, which is not necessary in summer. Those born in snow are not tea, but are born with a kind of grass bud. The natives picked fried baked tea, which is like tea, hence the name, its color is white, so it is called snow tea. The tea pieces are all made into a tube, like a honey tube and a chrysanthemum core flap. This tea warms the stomach. If people suffer from tuberculosis and lose too much blood, their stomachs will be cold, and tea is the most taboo, but this tea is not taboo. Cooking is warm in the abdomen, and the taste is bitter and beautiful, thicker than his tea. Picking: Harvest after the snow melts, remove the base moss and weeds, and dry. Habitat distribution: born in alpine mountains. Distribution of Yunnan, Sichuan, Shaanxi and other places. Yunnan, Sichuan. Chemical composition: Containing snow tea element (vermicularin), snow tea acid (thamnolicacid), phosphinic acid (spuamaticacid), crochete acid (baeomy-cesicacid), another containing D-arabitol (D-arabiton) and mannitol (manni-tol). Taste: "Sichuan Chinese Medicine": light slightly bitter, cool, non-toxic. Red snow tea, also known as golden tea, deer heart snow tea, slightly gray, long round bar. All are slender tubular, single branch or 2-3 branches, 3-7cm long, 1-2mm in diameter, thick flat band-like, with broken marks at the base, tapering apex, fine appearance, slightly wrinkled concave. Hollow section. The quality is slightly soft. No gas, taste like tea. It is better to be strong, white in color and bitter in taste. Shaped like chrysanthemum petals, hence the name. It is distributed on the dry trunks of larch and fir in the snowy alpine bryophyte belt above 4,000 meters above sea level. Natural wild, world wonder, rare and rare. Boiling water brewing, red and bright color, like red wine color, leaf body shape like coral bloom, slightly shaded fragrance. Tibetan medicine has been used for hundreds of years. Modern medical research has shown that red snow tea is rich in a large number of trace elements necessary for the human body. It has the effects of lowering blood lipids, cholesterol, clearing the heart and opening the mind, nourishing blood and nourishing the heart, and has obvious effects on hypertension, coronary heart disease, obesity, and weakness. effect. Department of natural wild, can not be artificially cultivated. Morphological characteristics Snow tea is a lichen-like tea plant. The lichen is white or grayish white, tubular, single or with rare branches, slightly curved apex, roundworm-like, shaped like hollow grass buds, 30 to 70mm long, 1 to 3mm thick, extremely light in weight, shaped like white chrysanthemum petals, white as snow, hence its name. All are slender tubular, single branch or 2-3 branches, white, 3-7cm long, 1-2mm in diameter, thick flat band-like, with broken marks at the base, tapering apex, fine appearance, slightly wrinkled concave. Hollow section. The quality is slightly soft. Qi no, taste bitter like tea. It is better to be strong, white in color and bitter in taste.

Maca.

2019-07-15

The efficacy and role of Maca Maca is rich in high unit nutrients, which has the function of nourishing and strengthening the human body. People who have eaten Maca will feel full of physical strength and energetic fatigue. The function and effect of Maca: 1. Anti-fatigue Maca contains high amount of iron, protein, amino acid, mineral zinc, taurine and other components, which can obviously resist fatigue, enhance muscle endurance, resist sports fatigue, help strengthen the immune system, improve the body's disease resistance, resist fatigue, enhance energy and physical strength, and improve anemia symptoms. Make your skin look younger and more energetic. 2, increase the quality of sperm nutrients in natural herbs can effectively improve the number of sperm and active ability, so that men ejaculate strong, longer range. Strong improve men's sexual ability, make the genitals more strong and hot, extend the time of passionate sex. 3. Supplement Physical Strength As Maca was born in barren plateau, it must have superb energy to grow. Because of its growth environment and characteristics, Maca can quickly supplement physical strength, eliminate fatigue and restore energy. It is also one of the few qualified rapid physical strength enhancers that have passed drug tests. 4, improve impotence and premature ejaculation rich in protein amino acids, polysaccharides, minerals and its unique bioactive substances majialene, majialamide, can effectively shorten the reaction time, rapid erection, improve erectile hardness, completely improve the symptoms of impotence and premature ejaculation. 5. Improve Sleep More than 90% of modern people are under pressure. Maca can effectively improve anxiety and neurasthenia caused by pressure. In Peru, local maca is used as a natural herb to relieve stress and anxiety, as well as to improve insomnia and dreaminess. 6, anti-menopause regulation of endocrine, anti-menopause syndrome-maca variety of alkaloids can regulate the adrenal gland, pancreas, ovary and other functions, balance the hormone level in the body, rich taurine, protein and so on can regulate and repair physiological function, improve blood and relieve menopausal symptoms, so as to promote female estrogen, appearance. 7. Active fertility promotes the increase and vitality of sperm and eggs, helps conception, stimulates reproductive organs, and activates sexual ability. 8. Enhancing memory makes the mind clear and flexible, improves work efficiency, makes students learn and progress, maintains the memory ability of middle-aged and elderly people, makes people clear and clear. maca eating method: eating maca can make physical enhancement, energetic, eliminate anxiety, improve sexual function. In fact, there are many ways to eat maca, and the following are relatively more common. 1, card boiled water to make tea. Soak a few slices directly with tea, or use maca to add water, milk, honey and cinnamon, and use these to boil water to drink. 2, card wine. Mashing Maca and then fermenting it to make wine is one of the most popular beverages in the area. Or directly soak in wine and seal it before drinking. Or soak in wine after drying, which is very similar to the meal of ginseng and other precious Chinese herbal medicines by many men in China. First, it is convenient and simple. Second, alcohol can help macarenamine contained in maca to be quickly absorbed by human body. 3, card stew. When stewing chicken, duck, meat, ribs, soup, etc., add maca slices and stew soup like radish. Maca has a strong effect and can be used as daily health food.
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