In the first half of the 7th century AD, since Tibet began to have its own words, the legend of "monkey changing into human beings" has been recorded in the book "The King's Religion" written by Zampson Zangganbu of Tubo. Later, Tibetan historians of all ages agreed that human beings had evolved from rhesus monkeys. Over the past 1000 years, the legend of Yalong Valley, one of the birthplaces of human beings, has been widely spread in Tibetan areas. Compared with various absurd preaches such as Nuwa's "Creating Man by Kneading Earth" and Western "Creating Man by God", it clearly has certain scientific reasons.

Tibetan legendary ancient rhesus monkey, full of long hair and red face, at first grew together with other rhesus monkeys and birds and animals in the large forests of the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin in Tibet to gather fruits for a living. After millions of years, they and other ancient rhesus monkeys, due to differences in body structure and living habits, will gradually branch out of the forest and move to live on the forest grassland. By this time they were able to walk upright, to clothe themselves with leaves, to feed on wild grains that were not self-collected, and to live in caves. In the long years, they fought with nature, made some rough stone tools, began to work purposefully, and gradually evolved into primitive human beings, which is the ancestor of the Tibetan people. In the Zedang area of Shannan, we can still see several feet of rotten leaves and deep roots buried in some deep ditches. It shows that this area used to be a primitive forest, which extends to Gongbu and Dabu. After liberation, Ivory fossils were found in Yalong Valley and dinosaur fossils were found in Nujiang area of Changdu area. All these indicate that southeastern Tibet may have been a tropical area in ancient times. Later, with the change of climate and the decrease of forests, ancient macaques moved from forests to the ground in search of food. Nowadays, it is still said in Tibet that the caves in Zedang area are the relics of the ancient monkeys of the Tibetan ancestors, and a field in Suotang area is the first farmland where the ancient people controlled the growth and reproduction of crops artificially. Those who worshipped the gods in the mountains dug a handful of earth and took it back as a souvenir, believing it was divine earth.

Until more than 170 years ago, no one else had imagined the origin of human beings as macaques or apes. According to the folklore, Tibetan historians put forward that macaques change people and maintain their own rule. They used the legend of "macaques change people" to fabricate and propagate "Guanyinhua macaques breed Tibetan people". It is said that all living beings in Tibet's snow region are caused by the avatar of Guanyin. Guanyin is the Savior of human beings in Tibet's snow mountain region. The five valleys and rich treasures growing on the earth are all the gifts of Guanyin Bodhisattva. From Songzan Ganbu, the Tubo king, 1300 years ago, to all generations of Dalai Lama, he described himself as the incarnation of Guanyin, the natural ruler, propagating "fatalism" and "theocracy" and describing himself as the supreme representative of theocracy.

After liberation, archaeologists discovered Paleolithic tools in Tibet, thus providing valuable information for the study of Tibetan origin in high-yielding fields. Since 1977, a large number of Neolithic artifacts have been unearthed in the Karuo area of Lancang, Changdu, Sichuan, Yunnan and Tibet. According to preliminary identification, they are primitive villages inhabited by Neolithic people from 4000 to 5000 years ago. Shortly after liberation, ancient human bones were found on the northeastern shore of the confluence of the Yarlung Zangbo River and the Niyang River in Linzhi County. They were preliminarily identified as human remains of Neolithic or Copper-Stone Age. Therefore, we can know that Tibet has been inhabited by primitive indigenous people since ancient times. Some people say that Faqiang was the ancestor of Tubo. At the beginning of the Warring States Period, Qin Xiangong sent troops to raid the Qiang area, and the chiefs evaded the Qin troops. They led the troops to move southward and scattered all over the country. The Yak Ministry conquered them. This statement lacks any basis, and it cannot be explained that the Qiang people who entered Tibet more than 300 B.C. were the ancestors of Tubo. The preliminary discovery of Neolithic sites and Neolithic human bones in Tibet can well trace the history of Tibet back to a more distant era.

In the early days of the primitive society after the formation of human beings, the strength of a single person can not resist the invasion of beasts, only the power of social unity can survive. After the descendants of the primitive group multiplied to a certain number, the improvement of productivity caused the change of social structure, from the unstable primitive group to the clan group, which was tied by consanguinity and kinship. In matrilineal society, people's blood relationship can only be divided into clans according to maternal line.

In the book The Origin of Buddhism written by Song Bakanbu during the Qianlong Period of the Qing Dynasty and the seventh Dalai Lama, it says: "When Tibetan human groups formed, they began to be divided into six clans: Se, Mou, Dong and Zhu. Then it was divided into twelve, seventeen and forty clans. These clan social stages. About 5,000 years ago, our primitive society entered the slave society to replace the primitive society, and the clan commune was disintegrated. Tibet entered the slave society in the Nie Kuang Zan Pu era, which marked a new stage of Tibetan society development, provided conditions for the continued development of social productivity, economy and culture, and played a progressive role in the development of history.